The smart Trick of CLBO Crystal That No One is Discussing
The smart Trick of CLBO Crystal That No One is Discussing
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Nonetheless, so that you can system the crystal is incredibly Highly developed production procedures are essential. For the reason that dawn of the crystal, focusing on this problem, we are now the only real firm on this planet which can be processed Within this crystal.
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The important thing dilemma of ultraviolet coherent light source mostly concentrates on the event of nonlinear optical frequency conversion crystal in ultraviolet band. The nonlinear optical crystal is amongst the ailments for frequency transformation, so The expansion, size, damage resistance, conversion performance and allowable parameter choice of nonlinear optical crystal are essential more and more.
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LBO can be a superb nonlinear crystal which is often applied to the SHG with the NIR to your environmentally friendly. The DUV laser is frequently recognized by two levels of SFG in the LBO crystals considering that there isn't a period-matching angle for LBO to transform the environmentally friendly laser at 515 nm or 532 nm towards the DUV directly by SHG [sixteen]. Lately, the NSBBF crystal has also shown its likely to acquire a significant conversion efficiency from 532 nm to 266 nm. The wander-off angle and deff of your NSBBF are Practically much like Individuals of CLBO [17].
On another side, the facility scaling in the NIR laser is yet another part to improve the typical energy of your 193-nm DUV laser. Because of the insufficient the significant-electric power amplification Resolution of the NIR laser (by way of example at 1553 nm), nonlinear frequency processes for example optical parameter oscillation (OPO) may very well be placed on make a wavelength converter by shifting the wavelength from one μm to the specified wavelength together with getting relative bigger power [21]. Not too long ago, a diamond Raman laser confirmed its means in obtaining a superior energy plus a high conversion effectiveness with the 1st Stokes with the one-μm laser [22,23], which suggests the possibility to become used inside the 193-nm DUV laser generation on account of its substantial Raman attain and huge frequency shift.
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While in the scientific and industrial programs, the beam excellent of the DUV laser is likewise an essential parameter. Significantly, the beam high-quality with the DUV laser radically affects the laser machining results. The beam high quality of the DUV laser is determined by that of the elemental laser and the crystal with the frequency conversion. Just lately, a substantial-ability DUV laser (>10 W) at 258 nm was claimed using a beam excellent of M2 < 1.five, which was created by FHG of a Yb:YAG laser at 1030 nm utilizing the CLBO crystal [13]. This laser would bring about a far better laser machining final result compared to the prior DUV lasers with larger sized M2.
The pulse length of the 2nd Stokes light-weight was shortened to 5 ns as shown in Figure 7a, only one-shot picture from your oscilloscope, which happens to be a common phenomenon in Raman laser [44] when the heart beat length of the pump laser was 10 ns.
Additionally, combining the good-point out laser with other nonlinear approach like stimulated Raman scattering, NIR lasers might be accomplished at new wavelengths with high electric power and substantial beam quality, which was examined through the proof-of-theory experiment. This Raman laser scheme offers a completely new path to the higher-ability DUV laser, In particular in the wavelength of 193 nm.
The beam profile demonstrated in Figure 7b demonstrated an excellent beam top quality as one of the deserves of Raman laser, which might be advantageous to deliver a 193-nm DUV laser with a top quality beam.
The conversion performance from fundamental NIR to DUV is from five% to 36% according to the noted results in Desk 1. Expanding the conversion effectiveness will reduce the load on the look and set up of the elemental laser amplifier in addition to the electric ability intake. A very good beam good quality of the elemental laser will even contribute towards the raising of your conversion performance together with the appropriate energy intensity from the NIR and eco-friendly laser in the SHG and FHG approach, respectively. The very best conversion efficiencies from NIR to eco-friendly and inexperienced to DUV laser by utilization of CLBO crystal are 70% and all around 50%, respectively [twelve], which corresponds to your conversion effectiveness of 35% from essential to DUV.
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